The five classic races began with the St Leger Stakes in 1776. By 1750 the Jockey Club was formed to control the Newmarket, preventing dishonesty, and making for a level field. Ascot Racecourse started in 1711 under the patronage of Queen Anne. King Charles II was an avid sportsman who gave Newmarket its prominence – he was a jockey in 1671 and built a palace there for his convenience. The earliest recorded races were held at Chester in 1539. Horse racing has been a favourite theme for over three centuries.
Gambling for centuries has been a main recreational activity in Great Britain. Main article: History of gambling in the United Kingdom
